Geoegb hayes



(No Model) G. HAYES.

SKYLIGHT.

Patented Mar. 18, 1884'.

ilnrrnn STATES F rear @rriea.

GEORGE HAYES, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

sKYLieH SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,167, datedMarch 18, 1884.

Application filed m 5, 1883. x0 model.)

In (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonsn Hares, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a newand useful Improvement in $kylights, of which the following is a specfication.

The object of my invention is to construct a adapted to suit openings ofvaried but ape proximating dim ensions.

Heretofore it has been necessary to coir struct the skylight entire,(after measurement of the roofopening has been taken,) to fit thealready constructed curb, which becomes by said improvement no longer anecessity; and my improvement consists in constructing the basei'ramefor a skylight with an extended.

adjustable flange or plate formed into or adapted to be bent into suchshape as will enable the base-frame to sit upon curbs of varying widthsand lengths, or either, enabling such frame to suit openings eitherlarger or smaller than the area of the base of the skylight.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in section a skylightprovided with my adjustable base-frame, adapted to'fit over a curb in aroof, (which is also shown) and expanded three inches or contractedthree inches, as the circumstances might require, making a variation ofsix inches, so that, assuming the skylight to have been made three feetinside, it may serve to fit an already constructed opening of three feetthree inches or two feet nine inches, or of an internfcdiate size,without detracting from its Value or usefulness as a perfect skylight.Fig. 2 is a perspective View (with the end in section) of thebase-frame, and showing the adjustable portion as finished insteck,ready for its combiof roof-opening.

nation with rafters or bars and ridge in the. construction of theskylight. The adj ustable plate is here ready to be bent down to form arabbet over the curb in the roof. Fi 3 is aperspectire of the samebase-frame, with end in section, the adjustable portion formed into arabbet shape to suit the curb. It may be bent at any angle and downwardat any necessary point. Fig. 4 shows same basei'rame in similar View,the rabbet formed nearer to the inside of frame. Dotted lines show otherpoints at which it may be bent. shows lines or diagrams of curbs andlines to illustrate the bars of a skylight. The squares represent threelines of curb, the bars running to the medium size. The outerrepresentthe maximum to which the base-frame may be ad- Fig.5"

j usted, and the inner lines the minimum, and p the frame of course maybe adjusted to other points intermediate of those lines. Fig 6 shows insection a base-frame {as kept in stock) having a necking, flange, or lipat the upper righthand corner, upon which the bar or rafter will rest,and to which it may be socured by bolt or rivet. The adjustable plate inthis View is not bent. Fig. T shows in section the base-frame of thedevice in Fig. 6, the necking,'flange, or lip being bolted to a bar andthe adjustable plate bent down to forma rabbet. Dotted lines show otherpoints at which it may be bent. Fig. 8 shows in seetion a base-namehaving an adjustable plate bent into severalrabbets, either of which mayrest upon the curb, according to the width of openin A curb is shown,and dotted lines show positions of other curbs when the opening iswider. All of the above figures represent instances of expansion inwidth or length Fig. 9 shows base-frame in section as adopted foropenings where contraction is necessary. In this case the adj ustableplate is bent inward and upward, forming rabbets one or more) to suitthe condition required.

the rabbets resting thereon. Rafters or bars A curb is shown with one of55 merchantable.

5 a part of the frame, and adapted to be bent either way to suit widthor length of roofopening, and render the base-frame capable of restingsecurely and properly upon the curb at the edge of the roof-opening.

, 0 represents the opening in a roof. The bending of this plate is doneafter the order is received fora skylight, adapting the frame to suitthe requirements.

61 represents one or more rabbets made by bending the adjustable plate.

7 The rabbet is .intended to fit over the curb and down its outsideface, enabling the skylight to rest securely thereon, and by which itmay be nailed or otherwise secured thereto.

e represents a necking, flange, or lip, formed to facilitate thesecuring of bars or rafters to the base-frame, which is done by bolts'orrivets passed through the necking, flange, or lip and gutters of thebars or rafters.

f represents the glass in section. I

It is acommon practicein mills where sashes and blinds and doors aremade to adopt certain merchantable sizes, thus enabling themanufacturers to make up large quantities at 0 a time, which reduces thecost of production and affords ready supply when ordered. When od-dsizes are required, an extra charge over the merchantable size is alwaysmade, because the cost of producing is greater. Now, with regard toskylights, a fixed or merchantable size has heretofore provenimpracticable. Few skylights are required ofa corresponding size.Thevariety of size required is almost infinite. The consequence is thatstock cannot be kept 0 on hand, and large quantities of the compo nentparts of skylights cannot be made up until ordered, and the manufacturercannot profitably utilize steam-power and avail himself of the advantageof speedy machinery,

the operation of which would produce rapidly the parts, the changing ofdies and formers occupying so much time; Unlikethe unmercharitable orodd sizes of sashes and doors as.

made by the mills, my adjustable base-frame or whether the curb-openingbe right angular or otherwise, or whether it be not true, or whether itbe an oblong. All my base-frames are rendered by means of my improvementMy improvement renders it possible to enable the base-frame to conformreadily to varied sizes of openingsfor instance, the bars or rafters fora skylight of a given sizesay three feet by three feet-may .60 be madeup in large quantities, together with a large quantity of my improvedbase-frame, ready for constructing into a skylight and laid by in arack, and when an order is received for a skylight, say, two feet eleveninches by three feet one inch, the workman goes to the rack, obtains theproper number of bars, and by cutting off the required length of myimproved base-frame eonstructsthe. skylight.

In other words, when an order for odd-sized skylights is receivedthework'man selects from the racks the proper number of the bars, takingthose which more nearly approximate the lengths required for the fixedor even sized skylights, and then by taking the required 'lengths of myimproved base-frame he constructs the skylight. He then forms therabbet, or that portion which rests upon the upper edge of the curb anddown its sides, which renders it a perfect fit.

By this improvement it will only be necessary to make up stockconsisting of the bars or rafters for skylights two feet long, 850., in-

creasing six inches at a time, so that the baseframe will be made toconform to the expand ed or contracted size, as the case may be, whichwill not exceed three inches or one and one-half inch each side, taking,for instance, a medium of three feet, which will make a minimum of twofeet nine inches, and a maximum of three feet three inches, withoutdetracting from its value or usefulness.

In the manufacture of skylights from sheet metal the sheets of metal arefirst cut into strips of aproper width. The miters or portions ofcontact with the corresponding parts of the skyli ht are then cut of therequired shape, so that they will fit when formed up. This is done bydies operated by machinery. The strips of metal when thus prepared thenundergo the process of being bent or formed into shape. This with my ownpatented ma chinery is a very rapid process; but where only smallnumbers of the parts ofaskylightare 7 made at a time the advantages arenot so great. A

ent dies used in the same machine, and are also formed by differentformers at the same time in the same machine, the changing occupyingconsiderable time.

Besides the advantages above described, the glass can also be kept onhand cut to size and ready for immediate use, as the same glass requiredfor a threefoo't skylight will do for a two-foot-nine or athree-'foot-three skylight, or of intermediate sizes thereto. This ispeculiarly advantageous in the purchase of glass, as much that is nowdiscarded or'wasted at the manufactory can be cut to size or form, andlaid aside until a number of lights of glass have accumulated, and thenbe shipped, thereby saving the waste material, and also effecting asaving in the freight of same. A regular systemcan be adopted in themanufacture of skylights which could not otherwise be done, and thepublic be benefited by much lower prices. What I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. As a new article of manufacture, the baseframe of a skylight formedwith an extended 3. In combination with the base-frame of :1. adjustableflange attached to 0 a part there- 1 skylightand adjustable plate b, thenecking, of, adapted to be bent to curbs of varying flange, or lip e,substantially as and for the widths andlengths, substantially as shownand purpose described and shown. 5 described 2. In cambination with thebase frame of a GEORGE HAYES. skylight, a plate or flange, 7), formedinto sevei'al rabbets,d,adjnsting the frame tosuib open- Witnesses:

ings of varying dimensions, substantially as R. H. REILLE, 10 shown anddescribed. GEORGE A. HAYES.

